Fig. 1

Layout of the trocars A: A 12 mm trocar was placed two transverse fingers inside the right anterior superior iliac spine as the main operation hole for the surgeon. B: A 5 mm trocar was placed at the right midclavicular line at the flat umbilicus as the auxiliary operation hole for the surgeon. C: A 5 mm trocar was placed at the left midclavicular line at the flat umbilicus as the main operation hole for the first assistant. D: A 5 mm trocar was placed at the left Mai’s point as an auxiliary operation hole for the first assistant. E: A 10 mm diameter trocar was placed 1 cm above the umbilicus as an observation hole