Table 1 Clinical characteristics of 186 children with NB
Characteristics | lymphatic leakage1,2 | Non-lymphatic leakage | Results3 | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 32) | (n = 154) | ||||
Gender | Male | 16 (50) | 76 (49.4) | 0.004 | 0.974 |
| Â | Female | 16 (50) | 78 (50.6) | Â | Â |
Age (months) | Â | 35 (22, 46) | 42 (23, 70) | 1.626 | 0.106 |
INRG stage | L1 | 2 (6.3) | 51 (33.1) | 9.43 | 0.024 |
| Â | L2 | 7 (21.8) | 25 (16.2) | Â | Â |
| Â | M | 21 (65.6) | 72 (46.8) | Â | Â |
| Â | MS | 2 (6.3) | 6 (3.9) | Â | Â |
INRG risk | Very low | 2 (6.3) | 55 (35.7) | 12.545 | 0.006 |
| Â | Low | 2 (6.3) | 15 (9.7) | Â | Â |
| Â | Intermediate | 5 (15.6) | 12 (7.8) | Â | Â |
| Â | High | 22 (68.7) | 71 (46.1) | Â | Â |
| Â | Unknown | 1 (3.1) | 1 (0.7) | Â | Â |
Pathology | NB&GNBn | 32 (100) | 124 (80.5) | 7.433 | 0.006 |
| Â | GNBi&GN | 0 | 30 (19.5) | Â | Â |
Preoperative chemotherapy | Yes | 30 (93.7) | 94 (61) | 12.757 | < 0.001 |
| Â | No | 2 (6.3) | 60 (39) | Â | Â |
IDRFs | Yes | 28 (87.5) | 89 (57.8) | 12.021 | 0.002 |
| Â | No | 4 (12.5) | 65 (42.2) | Â | Â |
Tumor crosses the midline at surgery | Yes | 23 (71.9) | 47 (30.5) | 19.306 | < 0.001 |
| Â | No | 9 (28.1) | 107 (69.5) | Â | Â |
Maximum diameter of tumor at surgery (cm) | Â | 6.7 (5, 8.1) | 5.9 (3.7, 8.2) | -1.334 | 0.184 |
Number of invaded blood vessels |  | 4 (2, 6) | 0 (0, 3) | 4.977 | < 0.001 |
Number of resected lymphatic regions |  | 5 (4, 9) | 3 (2, 4) | 5.996 | < 0.001 |
Middle-upper region resected | Yes | 22 (68.8) | 115 (74.7) | 22.669 | < 0.001 |
| Â | No | 10 (31.2) | 39 (25.3) | Â | Â |
Degree of surgical resection | Gross total resection | 32 (100) | 154 (100) | Â | Â |
|  | < 90% resection | 0 | 0 |  |  |
Blood loss (ml) |  | 30 (18.5, 50) | 10 (5, 20) | 4.345 | < 0.0001 |
Operation time (h) |  | 6.4 (4.9, 7.5) | 3.5 (3, 5) | -5.777 | < 0.0001 |