Table 3 Admission status of patients undergone laparotomy at tertiary hospitals, West Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022 (n = 512)

The Initial route of admission

Emergency department

294

57.4%

Referred from Health centres’

122

23.8%

Transferred from wards

67

13.1%

Direct admission from private clinic

29

5.7%

Duration of symptoms

≤ 7 days

423

82.6%

> 7 days

89

17.4%

Preoperative sepsis

Yes

115

22.5%

No

397

77.5%

Type of surgery

Elective

82

16%

Emergency

430

84%

Abdominal benign tumour

5

6.1%

Elective laparotomy

Adenocarcinoma Colon

6

7.3%

Rectal Cancer

11

13.4%

Gastric Cancer

1

1.2%

Colostomy closure

8

9.8%

Cholelithiasis

30

36.6%

Gastric outlet obstruction

14

17.1%

Sigmoid volvulus

7

8.5%

If due to malignancy, severity

None

4

22.2%

Nodal-metastases

10

55.6%

Primary only

4

22.2%

Indication of emergency laparotomy

Non traumatic

365

84.9%

Traumatic

65

15.1%

Specific indication non-traumatic emergency laparotomy (n = 365)

Peritonitis

37

7.2%

Perforation peptic ulcer disease

15

2.9%

Small bowel obstruction

61

11.9%

Large bowel obstruction

64

12.5%

Appendicitis

141

27.5%

Cholecystitis

17

3.3%

Adhesion

10

2.0%

Others*

20

5.6%

Mechanism of injury (n = 65)

Blunt

10

15.4%

Penetrating

55

84.6%

Isolated organ injury(n = 65)

Small bowel

9

13.8%

Spleen

3

4.6%

Large Bowel

8

12.3%

Stomach

7

10.8%

Retro Peritoneal Haemorrhage

5

7.7%

Diaphragmatic injury

29

44.6%

Abdominal-thoracic injury

4

6.2%