Table 2 Surgical outcomes and Oncologic clearance of all patients

Unmatched cohort (n = 105)

Variables

RPSS group ( n = 26 )

EC group ( n = 79 )

p value

Surgical outcomes

 Surgical technique

  Sigmoidectomy/AR/LAR/SLAR

4/8/7/7

6/17/30/26

0.54

   Ileostomy N (%)

9 (35)

29 (37)

1.0

Total operation times

 All surgical techniques^a min

294 (131)

340 (193)

0.19

 Sigmoidectomy, AR^a min

256 (90)

242 (100)

1.0

 LAR^a min

326 (213)

373 (113)

0.62

 SLAR^a min

361 (154)

517 (280)

0.064

 Blood loss^b mL

5 (9.5)

19 (40)

0.014

 Length of umbilical incision^b mm

29 (0.57)

31 (0.63)

0.047

 Leak test positive N (%)

0 (0)

0 (0)

Oncologic clearance

 Number of lymph nodes harvested^a

15 (8.5)

17 (13)

0.34

 Lateral lymph node dissection N (%)

3 (12)

11 (14)

1.0

 CRM positive N (%)

0 (0)

1 (1.3)

1.0

pStaging

  0/I/II/III/IV

0/10/7/7/2

1/27/24/23/4

0.94

Matched cohort after a 1:1 Propensity score matching (n = 46)

 Variables

RPSS group ( n = 23 )

EC group ( n = 23 )

p value

Surgical outcomes

 Surgical technique

  Sigmoidectomy/AR/LAR/SLAR

4/7/6/6

4/6/5/8

0.93

  Ileostomy N (%)

7 (30)

9 (39)

0.54

Total operation times

 All surgical techniques^a min

293 (116)

337 (279)

0.36

 Sigmoidectomy, AR^a min

268 (96)

252 (106)

0.86

 LAR^a min

279 (143)

334 (180)

0.58

 SLAR^a min

401 (210)

649 (309)

0.045

 Blood loss^b mL

5.3 (10)

23 (36)

0.038

 Length of umbilical incision^b mm

30 (0.56)

32 (0.53)

0.15

 Leak test positive N (%)

0 (0)

0 (0)

Oncologic clearance

 Number of lymph nodes harvested^a

16 (9)

19 (18)

0.21

 Lateral lymph node dissection N (%)

2 (8.7)

6 (26)

0.11

 CRM positive N (%)

0 (0)

0 (0)

pStaging

  0/I/II/III/IV

0/9/6/7/1

0/8/9/6/0

0.63