Table 2 Clinical risk factors for 40-day postoperative mortality

Age(year)

1.01 (0.98–1.05)

0.487

Tumor size(cm)

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

0.764

Surgery time(min)

1.00 (0.99–1.00)

0.436

Sex

Female

1.00 (Reference)

Male

0.94 (0.51–1.74)

0.841

BMI(kg/m²)

<18.5

1.00 (Reference)

18.5–23.9

0.47 (0.20–1.09)

0.079

≥ 24

1.39 (0.63–3.07)

0.409

Pathology type

Squamous cell carcinoma

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

Adenocarcinoma

0.28 (0.09–0.93)

0.037

0.42 (0.13–1.40)

0.159

Other types

0.92 (0.33–2.59)

0.873

0.61 (0.21–1.77)

0.367

Diabetes

No

1.00 (Reference)

Yes

0.46 (0.11–1.89)

0.280

Cardiovascular disease

No

1.00 (Reference)

Yes

0.44 (0.14–1.44)

0.175

Tumor location

Upper thoracic esophagus

1.00 (Reference)

Middle thoracic esophagus

1.53 (0.59–3.99)

0.382

Lower thoracic esophagus

0.55 (0.19–1.58)

0.266

Infection

No

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

Yes

2.63 (1.41–4.92)

0.002

1.88 (0.98–3.61)

0.058

TNM stages

I/II

1.00 (Reference)

III

0.34 (0.12–1.00)

0.051

IV

0.96 (0.51–1.82)

0.905

Surgical Method

Minimally Invasive surgery

1.00 (Reference)

Open surgery

0.81 (0.43–1.53)

0.517

Anastomotic leakage

No

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

Yes

4.52 (2.46–8.31)

< 0.001

3.66 (1.89–7.10)

< 0.001