Table 1 Characteristics of patients undergoing MOEPD from 2015 to 2021 at the three institutions
No. | Age (y) | Gender | Comorbidities & history of trauma or surgery | Primary injury | Combined injuries | Preoperative hemodynamic status | Procedure | Blood loss (mL) | Operation time(min) | Complications & treatment | Length of stay |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 41 | Male | None | 1. Transection of the pancreatic head (IV) | None | Shock | PD | 2000 | 375 | Pleural effusion(Thoracocentesis and drainage) | 26 |
2 | 43 | Male | None | 1. Disruption of D1 + D2 + D3 of the duodenum (V) 2. Massive disruption of the pancreatic head (V) | 1. Rupture of the stomach 2. Compression fractures of the vertebral body (L1, L2) | Normal | PD | 2000 | 355 | Pleural effusion(Anti-infection management) | 29 |
3 | 49 | Male | None | 1. Transection of the descending part of the duodenum (V) 2. Transection of the uncinate process of the pancreas (IV) | 1. Extensive injury of mesocolon 2. Compression fractures of the vertebral body (L3) | Normal | PD | 200 | 400 | Abdominal effusion (Abdominal puncture and drainage) | 24 |
4 | 48 | Male | None | 1. Disruption of the horizontal part of the duodenum (III) 2. Massive disruption of the pancreatic head (V) | None | Normal | LPD | NA | 365 | None | 24 |
5 | 34 | Male | None | 1. Disruption of the descending part of the duodenum (V) 2. Contusion and laceration of the pancreatic head involving the ampulla (IV) | 1. Contusion of the right kidney | Normal | LPD | NA | 395 | None | 21 |
6 | 74 | Female | Stage II essential hypertensive | 1. Disruption of the descending part of the duodenum (V) 2. Massive disruption of the pancreatic head (V) | 1. Injury of transverse mesocolon | Normal | PD | 2200 | 380 | None | 53 |
7 | 55 | Male | Stage II essential hypertensive | 1. Massive disruption of the pancreatic head (V) | 1. Liver rupture | Shock | PD | 3000 | 405 | None | 42 |
8 | 46 | Male | None | 1. Disruption of the horizontal part of the duodenum and devascularization of duodenum (V) 2. Massive disruption of the pancreatic head (V) | 1. Injuries to the right colon and mesentery | Shock | PD + Right hemicolectomy | 3500 | 435 | None | 26 |
9 | 22 | Male | None | 1. Transection of the descending part of the duodenum (V) 2. Massive disruption of the pancreatic head (V) | 1. Fracture of the sternum 2. Compression fractures of the vertebral body (T12-L1) | Normal | PD | 500 | 315 | None | 23 |
10 | 58 | Male | Stage I essential hypertensive | 1. Disruption of the horizontal part of the duodenum and devascularization of duodenum (V) 2. Transection of the uncinate process of the pancreas (IV) | 1. Injury to the superior mesenteric artery 2. Rupture of the splenic vein 3. Laceration of the greater omentum 4. contusion of bilateral kidney | Normal | PD + Repair of the superior mesenteric artery + Ligation of the splenic vein + Repair of the greater omentum | 4000 | 385 | Pancreatic fistula(Continuous drainage) | 41 |
11 | 42 | Male | None | 1. Disruption of the descending part of the duodenum (V) 2. Transection of the pancreatic head (IV) | None | Normal | PD | 2000 | 355 | Pancreatic fistula(Continuous drainage) | 45 |
12 | 30 | Female | None | 1. Massive disruption of the pancreatic head (V) | 1. Extensive mesenteric injury | Normal | PD | 2500 | 385 | None | 28 |