The surgical time-out: the relationship between perceptions of a safety-task anchor and surgical team workflow

BMC Surgery

Table 3 Descriptive statistics

Variable	N	Minimum	Maximum	Mean	St. Dev.
Perception of the time-out usefulness	58	4.939	6.940	5.852	0.467
Time-out length (seconds, original measure)	58	14.00	127.00	61.431	28.080
Time-out length (adjusted for location and surgeon)	58	-2.60	2.34	0.00	0.991
Nurse leaves OR (original measure)	58	2	17	7.655	3.620
Nurse leaves OR (adjusted for length of surgery)	58	0.010	0.070	0.033	0.013
Surgery length (minutes)	58	81.00	380.00	229	64.145

Note Table 3 presents the descriptive statistics of the variables used in the study, aggregated at the team level. A total of 457 questionnaires were collected and aggregated into scores for 58 surgical teams. Scores for the perception of the usefulness of the time-out were obtained using a 7-point Likert scale, where 1 indicated “very inaccurate” and 7 indicated “very accurate.” Adjusted measures (e.g., time-out length) were calculated to control for variables such as surgeon and hospital location. By adjusting the variable, the mean became zero which is why some values may appear as negative

ISSN: 1471-2482