Table 1 The baseline characteristics and comparison of surgical outcomes among the four groups of patients who underwent thoracoscopic and laparoscopic radical resection for esophageal cancer
Variable | Group A n = 16 | Group B n = 16 | Group C n = 16 | Group D n = 16 | F/χ2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex (M/F) | 10/6 | 9/7 | 9/7 | 8/8 | 0.45* | 0.502 |
Age (year) | 69.81 ± 5.77 | 67.56 ± 7.61 | 62.56 ± 7.16 | 65.43 ± 7.32 | 3.177# | 0.033 |
Position | ||||||
UTEC | 2 | 4 | 2 | 4 | ||
MTEC | 8 | 9 | 13 | 8 | 2.63* | 0.452 |
LTEC | 6 | 3 | 1 | 4 | ||
T stage | ||||||
T1 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 10 | ||
T2 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 3.84* | 0.279 |
T3 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 6 | ||
T4 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | ||
N stage | ||||||
N0 | 13 | 12 | 7 | 7 | ||
N1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 7.374* | 0.061 |
N2 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1 | ||
N3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | ||
Operative time (min) | 350 ± 42.74 | 281.56 ± 31.39 | 238.75 ± 54.78 | 223.43 ± 38.15 | 38.433## | 0.001 |
Intrathoracic operative time (min) | 210.38 ± 27.91 | 164.56 ± 21.83 | 135.81 ± 37.51 | 118.94 ± 20.05 | 40.19## | 0.001 |
abdominal operative time (min) | 102.63 ± 15.02 | 80.13 ± 9.63 | 67.19 ± 17.44 | 58.94 ± 10.91 | 39.78## | 0.001 |
Conversion to thoracotomy (n) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | - |
Intraoperative bleeding (mL) | 246.87 ± 67.00 | 175 ± 81.64 | 246.87 ± 367.18 | 159.37 ± 63.81 | 14.211# | 0.003 |
One week’s drainage (mL) | 1162 ± 975.79 | 753.12 ± 299.15 | 893.75 ± 792.64 | 662.50 ± 93.99 | 12.2# | 0.007 |
MDT indwelling time(day) | 14.19 ± 14.19 | 14.43 ± 15.47 | 11.43 ± 11.58 | 9.18 ± 9.30 | 7.689# | 0.053 |
Postoperative complication† | ||||||
Anastomotic leakage | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||
Hoarseness | 2 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 0.5079* | 0.9171 |
Chylothorax | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
Pulmonary infections | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||
Postoperative fasting time (day) | 12.88 ± 13.53 | 13.18 ± 15.34 | 10.81 ± 12.62 | 8.62 ± 9.97 | 3.458# | 0.326 |
Postoperative hospital stays (day) | 19.81 ± 13.78 | 19.87 ± 14.35 | 17.31 ± 12.61 | 14.75 ± 10.25 | 8.096# | 0.044 |
Time of using analgesics (day) | 7.19 ± 1.91 | 5.88 ± 1.36 | 5.88 ± 1.50 | 5.56 ± 0.73 | 15.608## | 0.001 |
The total number of dissected lymph nodes | 11.44 ± 2.61 | 20.06 ± 5.49 | 23.88 ± 9.63 | 26.37 ± 10.64 | 11.245# | 0.001 |
The number of dissected lymph nodes 106R | 1.56 ± 0.29 | 2.62 ± 0.33 | 3.12 ± 0.55 | 2.06 ± 0.62 | 2.058# | 0.115 |
The number of dissected lymph nodes 106 L | 1.06 ± 0.31 | 2.00 ± 0.26 | 4.68 ± 0.94 | 3.50 ± 0.82 | 5.898# | 0.001 |