Comparative outcomes of proximal femur intramedullary nailing vs. cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty for treating intertrochanteric fractures in patients aged 75 and older: analysis of risk factors for postoperative all-cause mortality

Table 3 Transfusion, blood loss, and postoperative outcomes in the two groups

Outcomes	IF group (n = 120)	LCHA group (n = 121)	p.overall
Number transfused intraop(n, transfusion rate, %)	55 (45.8%)	63 (52.1%)	0.333^a
Transfusion rate 1 d postop, n (%)	15 (12.5%)	10 (8.3%)	0.281^a
Value transfused RBC units (for those transfused), median (IQR)	1.5 (0, 2)	1.5 (0, 2)	0.822^b
Vloss total2d, mL, median (IQR)	837.1(347.3, 1383.4)	727.8 (334.7, 1075.2)	0.138^b
Hbloss total2d, g/dL, median (IQR)	88.8 (37.2, 123.7)	73.6 (37.0, 104.7)	0.144^b
Severe cement reaction, n (%)	0 (0%)	3 (2.5%)	0.083^a
Implant local complicationsc, n (%)	4 (3.3%)	2 (1.7%)	0.403^a
Refracture hospitalization rates, n (%)	9 (7.5%)	10 (8.3%)	0.826^a
Postoperative ICU admission rate, n (%)	1 (0.8%)	5 (4.1%)	0.100^a
Incidence of deep vein thrombosis in popliteal vein and aboved, n (%)	1 (0.8%)	1(0.8%)	0.995^a
Follow-up period, m, median (IQR)	20.0 (14.0, 29.0)	24.0 (12.0, 36.0)	0.255^b

Notes: Frequencies (%) or medians (IQRs); ^a chi-square test; ^b Mann–Whitney U test; cimplant local complications (cut-out, cut-through, joint dislocation, and peri-implant fractures); dincidence of deep vein thrombosis in the popliteal veins and above in both lower limbs
Abbreviations: Vloss total 2 d: mean total blood loss 2 days after surgery; Hbloss total 2 d: mean total Hb loss 2 days after surgery; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; RBC, red blood cell; postop, postoperative

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