Table 3 Summarizing the centers that offer specialized urologic surgical services, including radical cystectomy, in sub-Saharan Africa

Tanzania

• Muhimbili National Hospital

• Bugando medical centre

• Kilimanjaro christian medical centre,

• Rabininsia Memorial Hospital

• Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital.

Largest referral hospital offering specialized urologic surgery

Kenya

• Kenyatta National Hospital

• Aga Khan University Hospital (Nairobi),

• HCG CCK Cancer Centre

• 3rd Park Hospital

• Thika Level 5 Hospital

• The Nairobi Hospital

• Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH

Largest referral hospital in East Africa with urologic oncology

Uganda

• Mulago National Referral Hospital

• Mengo Hospital

• Kisiizi Hospital

Zambia

• University Teaching Hospital (UTH) (Lusaka)

• Livingstone General Hospital (Livingstone)

• Ndola Teaching Hospital (Ndola)

• Mansa General Hospital (Mansa)

• Medland Hospital (Lusaka)

• Zambia Cancer Diseases Hospital (CDH) (Lusaka)

Premier institution for urologic cancer treatment

Rwanda

• Kigali University Teaching Hospital

• Ruhengeri Referral Hospital (Musanze)

• Butare Referral Hospital (Huye)

South Africa

• Groote Schuur Hospital,

• Tygerberg Hospital,

• Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Mediclinic Durbanville

• Netcare Waterfall City Hospital

• Mediclinic Panorama

• Steve Biko Academic Hospital

• Wits University Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Addington Hospital

• Mediclinic Morningside

• Life Fourways Hospital

• Life Wilgers Hospital

• Mediclinic City Hospital

• Netcare Unitas Hospital

Leading center for urologic oncology and advanced procedures

Ghana

• Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital

• Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital

• Tamale Teaching Hospital

• Medical Centre of Excellence

• International Maritime Hospital (Tema)

• Nyaho Medical Centre (Accra)

• Ghana’s National Cancer Centre (Accra).

High-volume center for radical cystectomy

Nigeria

• National Hospital Abuja

• Lagos University Teaching Hospital

• University College Hospital (UCH) (Ibadan)

• University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (Enugu)

• Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH)

• Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC)

• St. Nicholas Hospital,

• The First Consultant Medical Centre

• Eko Hospital (Lagos)

• Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (Lagos),

• Babcock University Teaching Hospital

Tertiary referral center with specialized oncology services

Malawi

• Zomba Central Hospital (ZCH)

• Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH)

These hospitals are equipped to perform complex urological surgeries, including radical cystectomy.

Zimbambwe

• Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals (Harare)

• Harare Central Hospital (Harare)

• Bulawayo Central Hospital (Bulawayo)

• St. Annes Hospital (Harare)

• Mater Dei Hospital (Bulawayo)

These hospitals are equipped to perform complex urological surgeries, including radical cystectomy

Namibia

• Windhoek Central Hospital (Windhoek)

• Rundu State Hospital (Rundu)

These hospitals are equipped to perform complex urological surgeries, including radical cystectomy

Botswana

• Princess Marina Hospital (Gaborone)

The leading centre for advanced urological surgeries

Congo

• Hôpital Général de Référence de Kinshasa

This centre perform RC

Mozambique

• Hospital Central de Maputo (Maputo)

This centre perform RC

Ethiopia

• Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (Addis Ababa)

• St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (Addis Ababa)

• Gandhi Memorial Hospital (Addis Ababa)

These hospitals are equipped to perform complex urological surgeries, including radical cystectomy

Liberia

Liberia, John F. Kennedy Medical Center (JFKMC) is the primary public hospital offering urological services, but complex surgeries like radical cystectomy are generally referred abroad, particularly to Ghana, Nigeria, or South Africa, where the necessary surgical expertise and facilities are available.

Madagascar

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Antananarivo (For complex surgeries like radical cystectomy, CHU Antananarivo may refer patients to specialized centres abroad, particularly in South Africa)

sudan

Given that Sudan lacks the specialized capacity for radical cystectomy, patients requiring this surgery are often referred to other countries in Africa or the Middle East.

Benin

Patients requiring such complex surgeries are often referred to specialized centers abroad, particularly in France, South Africa, or other countries with more advanced medical facilities.

senegal

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Fann (CHU de Fann)

Sierra leone

In Sierra Leone, the healthcare system is still developing, and while there are hospitals offering basic urological and oncology services, advanced procedures like radical cystectomy are often unavailable locally.

Ivory cost

• Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Treichville (Abidjan)

• Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées (HIA) (Abidjan)

These hospitals are equipped to perform complex urological surgeries, including radical cystectomy

Burundi

In Burundi, the healthcare system is still developing, and while there are some hospitals providing basic urological care and oncology services, advanced surgeries like radical cystectomy may not be readily available. For complex urological surgeries, patients may be referred to neighboring countries with more advanced medical facilities.

Somalia

In Somalia, the healthcare system is still developing and may not offer advanced treatments like radical cystectomy due to limited resources and infrastructure.

Burkina Faso

Patients are always referred to Ghana or Ivory coast

Mauritania

Advanced surgeries like radical cystectomy may not be widely available.

Seychelles

Patients in Seychelles who require radical cystectomy or other advanced treatments for bladder cancer are often referred to specialized hospitals in neighboring countries with more advanced medical facilities.

Mauritius

• Dr. A.G. Jeetoo Hospital (Port Louis)

• Apollo Bramwell

• Wellkin Hospital (Moka)

Centres which perform advanced urological surgeries such as radical cyctectomies.

Mali

While Mali has hospitals like CHU Point G and Gabriel Touré Hospital that provide medical and surgical care, radical cystectomy and other advanced urological surgeries are unlikely to be performed locally due to limitations in specialized facilities

Gabon

In Gabon, CHU Libreville and HIA Omar Bongo Ondimba are the major public hospitals, while private clinics like Clinique El Djor and Clinique du Serment offer general medical services. However, radical cystectomy and other highly specialized surgeries are likely unavailable locally due to limited resources