Table 7 Results of the bivariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis of pediatric patients who were managed with a shunt for hydrocephalus at selected hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2023 (n = 875)

Age (months)

 < 6

1

1

6–12

0.604 (0.410,0.892)

0.623 (0. 299, 1.290)

12–59

0.869 (0.608, 1.243)

1.040 (0. 539, 2.005)

59–168

0.369 (0.198, 0.689)

0.325 (0.109, 0.967)

Etiology of hydrocephalus

Congenital

1

1

Acquired

1.359 (1.010, 1.828)

1.481 (0.823, 2.664)

Ultrasound Yes

3.805 (2.840, 5.097)

4.257 (2.073, 8.744)

No

1

1

Type of pathogen

Gram-negative

1

1

No gram reaction

1.104 (0.688, 1.771)

1.276 (0.722, 2.256)

Gram-positive

0.107 (0.038, 0.301)

0. 199 (0.063, 0.631)

Preoperative investigations

No investigation

3.775 (2.640, 5.396)

1.460 (0.751, 2.840)

Type of surgery

Emergency

0.198 (0.148, 0.265)

2.180 (1.202, 3.955)

Elective

1

1

Procedures other than shunt

Yes

0.305 (0.215, 0.432)

2.089 (1.050, 4.156)

No

1

1

Specialty of neurosurgeon

Pediatric Neurosurgeon

1

1

Nonpediatric neurosurgeon

3.597 (1.841, 7.027)

1.717 (0.640, 4.604)

Duration of hospital stay

 < 7

1

1

 > 7

2.306 (1.723, 3.086)

4.015 (1.282, 12.57)

Duration of antibiotic therapy

Less than a week

1

1

One week or more

2.261 (1.689, 3.029)

1.957 (0.667, 5.740)

Antibiotics type given

Metronidazole Yes

1.551 (1.162, 2.072)

1.288 (0.698, 2.377)

No

1

1

Vancomycin Yes

1

1

No

0.652 (0.453, 0.939)

2.136 (0.906, 5.037)

Mannitol Yes

1

1

No

0.596 (0.438, 0.811)

1.306 (0. 680, 2.509)

Hospital follow-up Yes

1

1

No

6.047 (4.072, 8.980)

2.606 (1.312, 5.175)

shunt failure Yes

6.822 (4.981, 9.343)

4.163 (2.320, 7.472)

No

1

1