Short- and long-term outcomes after perioperative EOX therapy versus upfront surgery for gastric cancer: a single-centre propensity score–matched cohort study

Table 5 Effects of neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment on OS and DSS: A Cox regression analysis in a matched cohort of 204 GC patients

Covariates	Coefficient	HR (95% CI)	P
Overall survival
Adjuvant treatment	− 0.054	0.95 (0.55–1.62)	0.842
Preoperative EOX	0.225	1.25 (0.70–2.24)	0.450
Interaction term^a(Adjuvant treatment × Preoperative EOX)	− 0.608	0.54 (0.24–1.22)	0.140
Disease-specific survival
Adjuvant treatment	0.498	1.65 (0.87–3.10)	0.123
Preoperative EOX^b	0.687	1.99 (1.00–3.95)	0.05
Interaction term^a (Adjuvant treatment × Preoperative EOX)	− 1.19	0.31 (0.12–0.75)	0.010

^aInteraction terms represent the combined effect of adjuvant treatment and preoperative EOX
^bThe hazard ratio for preoperative EOX in DSS is 1.99, with a 95% CI of 1.0004–3.9476 and an exact p-value of 0.050000000000000044 (reported as 0.05 in the table). This value lies precisely at the conventional threshold for significance, indicating a borderline result that should be interpreted with caution

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