Table 1 Demographics and surgical characteristics

Age (years)

73.13 ± 6.85

72.02 ± 6.47

0.204

Male/Female

12/48

15/45

0.512

BMI (kg/m²)

24.36 ± 3.57

24.83 ± 3.35

0.456

ASA

2.40 ± 0.53

2.63 ± 0.89

0.169

 ≤ 2

36(60.0%)

33 (55.0%)

2 < n ≤ 4

24(40.0%)

27(45.0%)

CCI

4.80 ± 1.46

4.73 ± 1.29

0.766

n ≤ 2

36(60.0%)

32(53.3%)

 > 2

24(40.0%)

28(46.7%)

Hemoglobin (g/L)

127.21 ± 15.04

126.48 ± 13.89

0.491

Albumin (g/L)

38.74 ± 3.61

38.28 ± 3.49

0.297

Total lymphocyte counts(10⁹/L)

1.77 ± 0.78

1.92 ± 0.73

0.631

Co-Morbidities, n (%)

 Osteoporosis

31(51.6%)

37(61.6%)

 Diabetes disease

9(15.0%)

18(30.0%)

 Hypertension

25(41.6%)

43(71.6%)

Schizas Grade

2.85 ± 0.92

2.98 ± 0.98

 Grade A

6(10.0%)

8(13.3%)

0.471

 Grade B

15(25.0%)

10(16.7%)

 Grade C

25(41.7%)

24(40.0%)

 Grade D

14(23.3%)

18(30.0%)

Lee Grade

0.432

 Grade 0/1

7(11.7%)

10(16.7%)

 Grade 2/3

53(88.3%)

50(83.3%)

Operative time (min)

106.25 ± 34.92

120.88 ± 38.06

0.218

Estimated blood loss (ml)

166.13 ± 85.52

239.42 ± 103.83

0.061