Fig. 1

A nomogram model constructed based on independent risk factors identified via multivariate logistic regression analysis. The model enables the users to locate the position of each variable on its corresponding axis. For each patient variable, a vertical line is drawn to the points axis to determine the individual score. These scores are then summed to calculate the total points. A vertical line is subsequently drawn from the total points axis to the lower scale, providing the predicted risk of postoperative atelectasis