Fig. 3

Calibration plots of the nomogram for predicting atelectasis in the training set (A) and validation set (B). (A) Calibration plot for the training cohort. (B) Calibration plot for the validation cohort. The plots include three lines: the ideal line (dashed), which represents a perfect agreement between the predicted and observed probabilities; the apparent line (blue), which represents the raw calibration of the model; and the bias-corrected line (red), which is adjusted via cross-validation to account for overfitting. Apparent and bias-corrected lines that are closer to the ideal line indicate a better calibration performance of the model